States that permit direct shipment generally license the carrier that delivers the package and, in many states, the fulfillment house that stores, packs and ships it for the seller. Carrier obligations commonly include accepting shipments only from permitted shippers, obtaining an adult signature on delivery, and reporting deliveries to the state. Fulfillment houses are commonly required to verify the shipper's permit, keep records by shipper and report the volume handled.
Programs in 31 CFR Chapter V take two basic forms. A comprehensive program prohibits most trade and financial dealings involving a country or region, regardless of who the counterparty is, and permits activity only through general or specific authorizations. A list-based program prohibits dealings with designated persons and their majority-owned entities, leaving the rest of the economy open. Directives form a third design, prohibiting defined categories of dealing with named entities.
An investor, spouse and child obtain lawful permanent residence on a conditional basis, and the condition runs for two years from the date the status was granted. The status carries the ordinary rights of permanent residence and the period counts toward naturalization. It can end early on a determination that the investment was improper, on failure to file the petition to remove conditions, or on failure to appear at a required interview, with the burden allocated differently in each case.
Direct jobs estimated to be created by construction activity lasting less than two years are counted by multiplying the estimate by the fraction of the two-year period the activity lasts. Indirect jobs may satisfy no more than ninety percent of the ten-job requirement, and where the jobs come from construction lasting less than two years that ceiling drops to seventy-five percent. Outside a regional center, only jobs the enterprise itself employs may be counted at all.
The statute requires an investor to show that the capital, and the money used to pay associated administrative costs and fees, was obtained from a lawful source and through lawful means. Where a home country restricts currency conversion, the investor must document both where the funds came from and how each transfer occurred, including the identity of every person who moved funds into the United States on the investor's behalf. The route chosen determines what that record looks like.
Section 3729(a)(1) makes a violator liable for three times the damages the government sustains because of the act, plus a civil penalty for each false claim within a statutory range that is adjusted for inflation under the Federal Civil Penalties Inflation Adjustment Act. Single damages are usually the difference between what the government paid and the value of what it received. Credits for amounts already recovered are applied after the multiplier rather than before it.
Under 15 CFR 734.13 an export includes releasing or otherwise transferring technology or source code to a foreign person in the United States. Section 734.15 defines release to include visual inspection that reveals the technology and oral or written exchange of information. The arms regulations treat a release of technical data to a foreign person in the United States as an export in the same way. The license requirement is assessed against the person's country rather than against any shipment.
Under the uniform recognition act, a court may not recognize a foreign money judgment where the rendering system does not provide impartial tribunals or procedures compatible with due process, or where the foreign court lacked personal or subject matter jurisdiction. A longer list of discretionary grounds covers notice, fraud, public policy, conflicting judgments, breach of a forum agreement, seriously inconvenient forum, and doubts about the integrity of the court.
Demolition by neglect is the loss of a protected property through withheld maintenance rather than through demolition. Local ordinances address it by imposing an affirmative duty to keep a designated property weathertight, structurally sound and secure, enforced by repair orders, accruing penalties, liens, injunctions, municipal repair with cost recovery and sometimes receivership. Hardship the owner created is generally not a defense.
A denied investor petition may be challenged by an appeal to the Administrative Appeals Office or by a motion to reopen or reconsider filed with the office that decided the case. Both are made on the same form and both carry short deadlines running from the decision. An approved petition may be revoked on notice, which is separately appealable. A denied residence application carries no administrative appeal, but may be renewed before an immigration judge in removal proceedings.
The immigration statute gives the spouse and the unmarried children under twenty-one of an employment-based immigrant the same status and the same priority date as the principal, if accompanying or following to join. A separate provision freezes a child's age by subtracting the time the petition was pending, and requires the child to seek permanent residence within one year of a visa becoming available. Derivative status is entirely dependent: it ends when the principal's does.
Under 36 CFR 800.16(l) a historic property is one included in or eligible for inclusion in the National Register, so eligibility alone brings a property inside the review. Eligibility is usually settled by consensus between the agency and the preservation officer, and referred to the Keeper under 36 CFR Part 63 where they disagree. The area of potential effects covers the geography in which the undertaking may directly or indirectly alter historic properties.
